The atmospheric boundary layer — advances in knowledge and application
Identifieur interne : 00D210 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 00D209; suivant : 00D211The atmospheric boundary layer — advances in knowledge and application
Auteurs : J. R. Garratt [Australie] ; G. D. Hess [Australie] ; W. L. Physick [Australie] ; P. Bougeault [France]Source :
- Boundary-Layer Meteorology [ 0006-8314 ] ; 1996-02-01.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
- Wicri :
- topic : Climat, Simulation.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Aircraft observations, Albedo, Anthes, Appl, Arritt, Atmos, Atmospheric, Atmospheric boundary layer, Atmospheric boundary layer advances, Atmospheric models, Atmospheric surface layer, Bare soil, Beljaars, Better results, Betts, Blackadar, Bougeault, Boundary, Boundary conditions, Boundary layer, Boundary layer meteorology, Boundary layers, Boundarylayer meteorol, Breeze circulation, Brost, Bulk transfer coefficients, Buoyancy flux, Businger, Cambridge univ, Canopy, Circulation models, Clarke, Climate, Climate phenomena, Climate simulations, Closure, Closure methods, Closure model, Closure schemes, Cloud models, Cloud streets, Clouds, Coefficient, Computer codes, Computer power, Conditional instability, Convection, Convective, Convective boundary layer, Convective conditions, Coriolis parameter, Cumulus, Cumulus convection, Deardorff, Derbyshire, Diurnal cycle, Diurnal variation, Drag coefficient, Drag coefficients, Ecmwf model, Eddy, Eddy diffusivity, Effective parametrisations, Entrainment, Entrainment instability, Evaporation, Experimental study, Field experiments, First kind, Friction velocity, Garratt, Gcms, General circulation models, Geophys, Global models, Grid model, Ground temperature, Heat flux, Heat transfer, Heterogeneous terrain, Hick, High resolution, Holtslag, Horizontal axis, Horizontal resolution, Interactive canopy schemes, Izumi, Kaimal, Knowledge application, Laboratory experiments, Lacarrere, Land surface processes, Large number, Layer, Lower boundary condition, Mahrt, Marine boundary layer, Mellor, Mesoscale, Mesoscale circulations, Mesoscale model, Mesoscale models, Meteorol, Modelling, Moeng, Moisture content, National weather service, Nieuwstadt, Noaa tech, Nocturnal boundary layer, Nocturnal inversion, Noilhan, Numerical forecast, Numerical model, Numerical modelling, Numerical models, Numerical simulation, Numerical simulations, Numerical study, Numerical weather prediction, Observational studies, Operational model, Parameterization, Parametrisation, Parametrisation schemes, Parametrisations, Parametrization, Phys, Pielke, Planetary boundary layer, Prognostic, Prognostic approach, Prognostic equation, Quart, Radiative cooling, Rate equation, Recent times, Regional models, Research aircraft, Review, Roll vortices, Roughness, Roughness length, Roughness lengths, Same time, Sellers, Sensible heat flux, Silver spring, Similarity functions, Similarity theories, Similarity theory, Simulation, Small cumuli, Soil moisture, Space phys, Stability criteria, Stability dependence, Stable boundary layer, Stable conditions, Stratocumulus, Strong inversion, Surface evaporation, Surface fluxes, Surface layer, Surface parameterization, Surface processes, Surface schemes, Surface temperature, Temperature profiles, Temperature scales, Tennekes, Transilient turbulence theory, Turbulence, Turbulence structure, Turbulent, Turbulent fluxes, Turbulent structure, Turbulent transfer, Unstable conditions, Vegetation processes, Vertical distribution, Vertical levels, Vertical resolution, Wangara, Wangara data, Wangara experiment, Water content, Water tanks, Water vapour transfer, Weather forecast, Wide variety, Wind speed, Wyngaard, Yamada.
- Teeft :
- Aircraft observations, Albedo, Anthes, Appl, Arritt, Atmos, Atmospheric, Atmospheric boundary layer, Atmospheric boundary layer advances, Atmospheric models, Atmospheric surface layer, Bare soil, Beljaars, Better results, Betts, Blackadar, Bougeault, Boundary, Boundary conditions, Boundary layer, Boundary layer meteorology, Boundary layers, Boundarylayer meteorol, Breeze circulation, Brost, Bulk transfer coefficients, Buoyancy flux, Businger, Cambridge univ, Canopy, Circulation models, Clarke, Climate phenomena, Climate simulations, Closure, Closure methods, Closure model, Closure schemes, Cloud models, Cloud streets, Coefficient, Computer codes, Computer power, Conditional instability, Convection, Convective, Convective boundary layer, Convective conditions, Coriolis parameter, Cumulus, Cumulus convection, Deardorff, Derbyshire, Diurnal cycle, Diurnal variation, Drag coefficient, Drag coefficients, Ecmwf model, Eddy, Eddy diffusivity, Effective parametrisations, Entrainment, Entrainment instability, Evaporation, Experimental study, Field experiments, First kind, Friction velocity, Garratt, Gcms, General circulation models, Geophys, Global models, Grid model, Ground temperature, Heat flux, Heat transfer, Heterogeneous terrain, Hick, High resolution, Holtslag, Horizontal axis, Horizontal resolution, Interactive canopy schemes, Izumi, Kaimal, Knowledge application, Laboratory experiments, Lacarrere, Land surface processes, Large number, Layer, Lower boundary condition, Mahrt, Marine boundary layer, Mellor, Mesoscale, Mesoscale circulations, Mesoscale model, Mesoscale models, Meteorol, Modelling, Moeng, Moisture content, National weather service, Nieuwstadt, Noaa tech, Nocturnal boundary layer, Nocturnal inversion, Noilhan, Numerical model, Numerical modelling, Numerical models, Numerical simulations, Numerical study, Numerical weather prediction, Observational studies, Operational model, Parameterization, Parametrisation, Parametrisation schemes, Parametrisations, Phys, Pielke, Planetary boundary layer, Prognostic, Prognostic approach, Prognostic equation, Quart, Radiative cooling, Rate equation, Recent times, Regional models, Research aircraft, Roll vortices, Roughness, Roughness length, Roughness lengths, Same time, Sellers, Sensible heat flux, Silver spring, Similarity functions, Similarity theories, Similarity theory, Simulation, Small cumuli, Soil moisture, Space phys, Stability criteria, Stability dependence, Stable boundary layer, Stable conditions, Stratocumulus, Strong inversion, Surface evaporation, Surface fluxes, Surface layer, Surface parameterization, Surface processes, Surface schemes, Surface temperature, Temperature profiles, Temperature scales, Tennekes, Transilient turbulence theory, Turbulence, Turbulence structure, Turbulent, Turbulent fluxes, Turbulent structure, Turbulent transfer, Unstable conditions, Vegetation processes, Vertical distribution, Vertical levels, Vertical resolution, Wangara, Wangara data, Wangara experiment, Water content, Water tanks, Water vapour transfer, Wide variety, Wind speed, Wyngaard, Yamada.
Abstract
Abstract: We summarise major activities and advances in boundary-layer knowledge in the 25 years since 1970, with emphasis on the application of this knowledge to surface and boundary-layer parametrisation schemes in numerical models of the atmosphere. Progress in three areas is discussed: (i) the mesoscale modelling of selected phenomena; (ii) numerical weather prediction; and (iii) climate simulations. Future trends are identified, including the incorporation into models of advanced cloud schemes and interactive canopy schemes, and the nesting of high resolution boundary-layer schemes in global climate models.
Url:
DOI: 10.1007/BF00122485
Affiliations:
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Le document en format XML
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Aircraft observations</term>
<term>Albedo</term>
<term>Anthes</term>
<term>Appl</term>
<term>Arritt</term>
<term>Atmos</term>
<term>Atmospheric</term>
<term>Atmospheric boundary layer</term>
<term>Atmospheric boundary layer advances</term>
<term>Atmospheric models</term>
<term>Atmospheric surface layer</term>
<term>Bare soil</term>
<term>Beljaars</term>
<term>Better results</term>
<term>Betts</term>
<term>Blackadar</term>
<term>Bougeault</term>
<term>Boundary</term>
<term>Boundary conditions</term>
<term>Boundary layer</term>
<term>Boundary layer meteorology</term>
<term>Boundary layers</term>
<term>Boundarylayer meteorol</term>
<term>Breeze circulation</term>
<term>Brost</term>
<term>Bulk transfer coefficients</term>
<term>Buoyancy flux</term>
<term>Businger</term>
<term>Cambridge univ</term>
<term>Canopy</term>
<term>Circulation models</term>
<term>Clarke</term>
<term>Climate</term>
<term>Climate phenomena</term>
<term>Climate simulations</term>
<term>Closure</term>
<term>Closure methods</term>
<term>Closure model</term>
<term>Closure schemes</term>
<term>Cloud models</term>
<term>Cloud streets</term>
<term>Clouds</term>
<term>Coefficient</term>
<term>Computer codes</term>
<term>Computer power</term>
<term>Conditional instability</term>
<term>Convection</term>
<term>Convective</term>
<term>Convective boundary layer</term>
<term>Convective conditions</term>
<term>Coriolis parameter</term>
<term>Cumulus</term>
<term>Cumulus convection</term>
<term>Deardorff</term>
<term>Derbyshire</term>
<term>Diurnal cycle</term>
<term>Diurnal variation</term>
<term>Drag coefficient</term>
<term>Drag coefficients</term>
<term>Ecmwf model</term>
<term>Eddy</term>
<term>Eddy diffusivity</term>
<term>Effective parametrisations</term>
<term>Entrainment</term>
<term>Entrainment instability</term>
<term>Evaporation</term>
<term>Experimental study</term>
<term>Field experiments</term>
<term>First kind</term>
<term>Friction velocity</term>
<term>Garratt</term>
<term>Gcms</term>
<term>General circulation models</term>
<term>Geophys</term>
<term>Global models</term>
<term>Grid model</term>
<term>Ground temperature</term>
<term>Heat flux</term>
<term>Heat transfer</term>
<term>Heterogeneous terrain</term>
<term>Hick</term>
<term>High resolution</term>
<term>Holtslag</term>
<term>Horizontal axis</term>
<term>Horizontal resolution</term>
<term>Interactive canopy schemes</term>
<term>Izumi</term>
<term>Kaimal</term>
<term>Knowledge application</term>
<term>Laboratory experiments</term>
<term>Lacarrere</term>
<term>Land surface processes</term>
<term>Large number</term>
<term>Layer</term>
<term>Lower boundary condition</term>
<term>Mahrt</term>
<term>Marine boundary layer</term>
<term>Mellor</term>
<term>Mesoscale</term>
<term>Mesoscale circulations</term>
<term>Mesoscale model</term>
<term>Mesoscale models</term>
<term>Meteorol</term>
<term>Modelling</term>
<term>Moeng</term>
<term>Moisture content</term>
<term>National weather service</term>
<term>Nieuwstadt</term>
<term>Noaa tech</term>
<term>Nocturnal boundary layer</term>
<term>Nocturnal inversion</term>
<term>Noilhan</term>
<term>Numerical forecast</term>
<term>Numerical model</term>
<term>Numerical modelling</term>
<term>Numerical models</term>
<term>Numerical simulation</term>
<term>Numerical simulations</term>
<term>Numerical study</term>
<term>Numerical weather prediction</term>
<term>Observational studies</term>
<term>Operational model</term>
<term>Parameterization</term>
<term>Parametrisation</term>
<term>Parametrisation schemes</term>
<term>Parametrisations</term>
<term>Parametrization</term>
<term>Phys</term>
<term>Pielke</term>
<term>Planetary boundary layer</term>
<term>Prognostic</term>
<term>Prognostic approach</term>
<term>Prognostic equation</term>
<term>Quart</term>
<term>Radiative cooling</term>
<term>Rate equation</term>
<term>Recent times</term>
<term>Regional models</term>
<term>Research aircraft</term>
<term>Review</term>
<term>Roll vortices</term>
<term>Roughness</term>
<term>Roughness length</term>
<term>Roughness lengths</term>
<term>Same time</term>
<term>Sellers</term>
<term>Sensible heat flux</term>
<term>Silver spring</term>
<term>Similarity functions</term>
<term>Similarity theories</term>
<term>Similarity theory</term>
<term>Simulation</term>
<term>Small cumuli</term>
<term>Soil moisture</term>
<term>Space phys</term>
<term>Stability criteria</term>
<term>Stability dependence</term>
<term>Stable boundary layer</term>
<term>Stable conditions</term>
<term>Stratocumulus</term>
<term>Strong inversion</term>
<term>Surface evaporation</term>
<term>Surface fluxes</term>
<term>Surface layer</term>
<term>Surface parameterization</term>
<term>Surface processes</term>
<term>Surface schemes</term>
<term>Surface temperature</term>
<term>Temperature profiles</term>
<term>Temperature scales</term>
<term>Tennekes</term>
<term>Transilient turbulence theory</term>
<term>Turbulence</term>
<term>Turbulence structure</term>
<term>Turbulent</term>
<term>Turbulent fluxes</term>
<term>Turbulent structure</term>
<term>Turbulent transfer</term>
<term>Unstable conditions</term>
<term>Vegetation processes</term>
<term>Vertical distribution</term>
<term>Vertical levels</term>
<term>Vertical resolution</term>
<term>Wangara</term>
<term>Wangara data</term>
<term>Wangara experiment</term>
<term>Water content</term>
<term>Water tanks</term>
<term>Water vapour transfer</term>
<term>Weather forecast</term>
<term>Wide variety</term>
<term>Wind speed</term>
<term>Wyngaard</term>
<term>Yamada</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Article synthèse</term>
<term>Climat</term>
<term>Couche limite atmosphérique</term>
<term>Couche superficielle</term>
<term>Mésoéchelle</term>
<term>Nuage</term>
<term>Paramétrisation</term>
<term>Prévision météorologique</term>
<term>Prévision numérique</term>
<term>Simulation numérique</term>
<term>Théorie similitude</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Aircraft observations</term>
<term>Albedo</term>
<term>Anthes</term>
<term>Appl</term>
<term>Arritt</term>
<term>Atmos</term>
<term>Atmospheric</term>
<term>Atmospheric boundary layer</term>
<term>Atmospheric boundary layer advances</term>
<term>Atmospheric models</term>
<term>Atmospheric surface layer</term>
<term>Bare soil</term>
<term>Beljaars</term>
<term>Better results</term>
<term>Betts</term>
<term>Blackadar</term>
<term>Bougeault</term>
<term>Boundary</term>
<term>Boundary conditions</term>
<term>Boundary layer</term>
<term>Boundary layer meteorology</term>
<term>Boundary layers</term>
<term>Boundarylayer meteorol</term>
<term>Breeze circulation</term>
<term>Brost</term>
<term>Bulk transfer coefficients</term>
<term>Buoyancy flux</term>
<term>Businger</term>
<term>Cambridge univ</term>
<term>Canopy</term>
<term>Circulation models</term>
<term>Clarke</term>
<term>Climate phenomena</term>
<term>Climate simulations</term>
<term>Closure</term>
<term>Closure methods</term>
<term>Closure model</term>
<term>Closure schemes</term>
<term>Cloud models</term>
<term>Cloud streets</term>
<term>Coefficient</term>
<term>Computer codes</term>
<term>Computer power</term>
<term>Conditional instability</term>
<term>Convection</term>
<term>Convective</term>
<term>Convective boundary layer</term>
<term>Convective conditions</term>
<term>Coriolis parameter</term>
<term>Cumulus</term>
<term>Cumulus convection</term>
<term>Deardorff</term>
<term>Derbyshire</term>
<term>Diurnal cycle</term>
<term>Diurnal variation</term>
<term>Drag coefficient</term>
<term>Drag coefficients</term>
<term>Ecmwf model</term>
<term>Eddy</term>
<term>Eddy diffusivity</term>
<term>Effective parametrisations</term>
<term>Entrainment</term>
<term>Entrainment instability</term>
<term>Evaporation</term>
<term>Experimental study</term>
<term>Field experiments</term>
<term>First kind</term>
<term>Friction velocity</term>
<term>Garratt</term>
<term>Gcms</term>
<term>General circulation models</term>
<term>Geophys</term>
<term>Global models</term>
<term>Grid model</term>
<term>Ground temperature</term>
<term>Heat flux</term>
<term>Heat transfer</term>
<term>Heterogeneous terrain</term>
<term>Hick</term>
<term>High resolution</term>
<term>Holtslag</term>
<term>Horizontal axis</term>
<term>Horizontal resolution</term>
<term>Interactive canopy schemes</term>
<term>Izumi</term>
<term>Kaimal</term>
<term>Knowledge application</term>
<term>Laboratory experiments</term>
<term>Lacarrere</term>
<term>Land surface processes</term>
<term>Large number</term>
<term>Layer</term>
<term>Lower boundary condition</term>
<term>Mahrt</term>
<term>Marine boundary layer</term>
<term>Mellor</term>
<term>Mesoscale</term>
<term>Mesoscale circulations</term>
<term>Mesoscale model</term>
<term>Mesoscale models</term>
<term>Meteorol</term>
<term>Modelling</term>
<term>Moeng</term>
<term>Moisture content</term>
<term>National weather service</term>
<term>Nieuwstadt</term>
<term>Noaa tech</term>
<term>Nocturnal boundary layer</term>
<term>Nocturnal inversion</term>
<term>Noilhan</term>
<term>Numerical model</term>
<term>Numerical modelling</term>
<term>Numerical models</term>
<term>Numerical simulations</term>
<term>Numerical study</term>
<term>Numerical weather prediction</term>
<term>Observational studies</term>
<term>Operational model</term>
<term>Parameterization</term>
<term>Parametrisation</term>
<term>Parametrisation schemes</term>
<term>Parametrisations</term>
<term>Phys</term>
<term>Pielke</term>
<term>Planetary boundary layer</term>
<term>Prognostic</term>
<term>Prognostic approach</term>
<term>Prognostic equation</term>
<term>Quart</term>
<term>Radiative cooling</term>
<term>Rate equation</term>
<term>Recent times</term>
<term>Regional models</term>
<term>Research aircraft</term>
<term>Roll vortices</term>
<term>Roughness</term>
<term>Roughness length</term>
<term>Roughness lengths</term>
<term>Same time</term>
<term>Sellers</term>
<term>Sensible heat flux</term>
<term>Silver spring</term>
<term>Similarity functions</term>
<term>Similarity theories</term>
<term>Similarity theory</term>
<term>Simulation</term>
<term>Small cumuli</term>
<term>Soil moisture</term>
<term>Space phys</term>
<term>Stability criteria</term>
<term>Stability dependence</term>
<term>Stable boundary layer</term>
<term>Stable conditions</term>
<term>Stratocumulus</term>
<term>Strong inversion</term>
<term>Surface evaporation</term>
<term>Surface fluxes</term>
<term>Surface layer</term>
<term>Surface parameterization</term>
<term>Surface processes</term>
<term>Surface schemes</term>
<term>Surface temperature</term>
<term>Temperature profiles</term>
<term>Temperature scales</term>
<term>Tennekes</term>
<term>Transilient turbulence theory</term>
<term>Turbulence</term>
<term>Turbulence structure</term>
<term>Turbulent</term>
<term>Turbulent fluxes</term>
<term>Turbulent structure</term>
<term>Turbulent transfer</term>
<term>Unstable conditions</term>
<term>Vegetation processes</term>
<term>Vertical distribution</term>
<term>Vertical levels</term>
<term>Vertical resolution</term>
<term>Wangara</term>
<term>Wangara data</term>
<term>Wangara experiment</term>
<term>Water content</term>
<term>Water tanks</term>
<term>Water vapour transfer</term>
<term>Wide variety</term>
<term>Wind speed</term>
<term>Wyngaard</term>
<term>Yamada</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Climat</term>
<term>Simulation</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
<langUsage><language ident="en">en</language>
</langUsage>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: We summarise major activities and advances in boundary-layer knowledge in the 25 years since 1970, with emphasis on the application of this knowledge to surface and boundary-layer parametrisation schemes in numerical models of the atmosphere. Progress in three areas is discussed: (i) the mesoscale modelling of selected phenomena; (ii) numerical weather prediction; and (iii) climate simulations. Future trends are identified, including the incorporation into models of advanced cloud schemes and interactive canopy schemes, and the nesting of high resolution boundary-layer schemes in global climate models.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li>
<li>France</li>
</country>
<region><li>Midi-Pyrénées</li>
<li>Occitanie (région administrative)</li>
</region>
<settlement><li>Toulouse</li>
</settlement>
</list>
<tree><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Garratt, J R" sort="Garratt, J R" uniqKey="Garratt J" first="J. R." last="Garratt">J. R. Garratt</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Hess, G D" sort="Hess, G D" uniqKey="Hess G" first="G. D." last="Hess">G. D. Hess</name>
<name sortKey="Physick, W L" sort="Physick, W L" uniqKey="Physick W" first="W. L." last="Physick">W. L. Physick</name>
</country>
<country name="France"><region name="Occitanie (région administrative)"><name sortKey="Bougeault, P" sort="Bougeault, P" uniqKey="Bougeault P" first="P." last="Bougeault">P. Bougeault</name>
</region>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
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